Fatah Makkah tareekh e islam ka wo azeem tareekhi waqia hai jis ne sirf Makka hi nahi balke poore Arab ka naqsha badal diya. Ye sirf ek jang ya siyasi kamyabi nahi thi, balke Rehmat, Sabr, Hikmat aur Tauheed ki jeet thi. Is din duniya ne dekha ke Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ kis tarah qudrat, taqat hone ke bawajood badla nahi liya aur maafi chuna.
Aap ne farmaya; “Aaj tum par koi malamat nahi, jao tum sab azad ho.”
Neeche Fatah Makka ka mukammal bayaan tafseel ke saath pesh hai.
Sulah Hudaibiya (Treaty of Hudaibiya) hi tha ki jiski wajah se Fatah ki sheedi chadi gayi. Kuffaar ka sulah (treaty) thodna tha ki fatah hasil hui.
Zil Qada 6 Hijri (March 628 A.D.) me Musalmano aur Quraish ke darmiyaan Hudaibiya ke Muqam par Sulah Hudaibiya hui. Is muahide ka pashmanzar ye hai ki Huzoorﷺ tareeban 1000 sahaba ke saath Hajj ke liye rawana hue.
Makkah walo ye baat maloom padhi ti unhe laga Hazrat Muhammadﷺ jung ke liye aa rahae hai to unoh Hudaibiya ke muqam par Aapﷺ aur aap ke saathi sahaba ko bhi rok diya. Chunki Hazrat Usman Ghani bahot bade tazir aur raees the to Makkah walo ne aap ki ijazat di ki aap hajj karle.
Hazrat Usman Ghani ne ye offer tukhra kar kaha; Pahle mere Nabi phir mai. Is par makkah wale raazi nahi hue to dono se muahida hua. Is muahide me ye tay hua ki:
- 10 saal tak dono ke darmiyaan koi jung nahi hogi
- Ek dusre par hamla nahi kiya jaayega
- Arab ka koi bhi shakhs ya qabeela Musalmano ya Quraish me se jis ka saath dena chahe de sakta hai
- Quraish ka koi shakhs apne wali ki ijazat ke baghair Rasool Allah ﷺ ke paas aaye to use wapas lauta diya jaayega
- Lekin Musalmano ka koi saathi Quraish ke paas chala jaaye to use wapas nahi kiya jaayega
- Agle saal Musalmano ko 3 din ke liye Umrah ki ijazat hogi
Ye muahide ke baad Aapﷺ hudaibiya se wapas aa gaye, kuch sahaba ko ye baat nagawar gujri ki hum unki baat ko kaise maan liya jabki hum jang karne qabil bhi hai. Is saal Rasool Allah ﷺ Madeena waapas tashreef le aaye.
Agle saal 7 Hijri (629 A.D.) me Aap ﷺ ne sahaba ke saath Umrah ada kiya aur 3 din Makka me thehar kar Madina waapas aaye.
Sulah Hudaibiya Muahida Tootne Ka Waqia
Ek saal tak Sulah Hudaibiya chalta raha, Musalman hajj karne jaate, koi jang o qataal nahi, sab theek chal raha tha lakin Shabaan 8 Hijri (629 A.D.) me maqaam Al-Wateer par Quraish ke saathi qabeele Banu Bakr ne Musalmano ke saathi qabeele Banu Khuza par hamla kiya.
Banu Khuza ke log panah ke liye Kaaba par pohanche, lekin zaalimo ne Haram ka bhi ehtaraam na kiya aur wahan bhi hamla kar diya. Quraish ke chand sardaar bhi is hamle me shamil hue.
Is hamle me Banu Khuza ke 23 log qatl ho gaye. Unhone bhaag kar Makka me Budail ibn Warqa ke ghar panah li.
Amr ibn Salim al-Khuzai 40 aadmiyon ke saath Madna aaye aur Rasool Allah ﷺ ko poora waqia bataya. Ye sunkar Aap ﷺ bahot naraz hue.
Quraish Ko 3 Options
Rasool Allah ﷺ ne Quraish ke paas paighaam bheja aur 3 me se ek raasta chunne ko kaha:
- Banu Bakr se ta’alluq tod diya jaaye
- Maqtooleen ka khoon baha diya jaaye (muawza diya jaaye)
- Muahida khatam kiya jaaye
Quraish ne jawab diya ke na hum muawza denge aur na apne haleef ka saath chhodenge. Haan, muahida khatam karte hain.
Is tarah Sulah Hudaibiyah ka muahida toot gaya.
Abu Sufiyaan Ka Madeena Jana
Baad me Quraish ko ehsaas hua ke unka faisla khatarnak sabit ho sakta hai. Is liye Abu Sufyan ibn Harb ko Madeena bheja gaya taake muahida dobara ho sake.
Wo sab se pehle apni beti Umm Habiba ke ghar gaye. Unhone unhe Rasool Allah ﷺ ke bistar par baithne se mana kar diya.
Phir wo Abu Bakr, Umar ibn al-Khattab, aur Ali ibn Abi Talib se mile, magar kisi ne sifarish na ki.
Aakhir masjid me khud elaan kiya ke muahida dobara kar diya hai, magar kisi ne jawab nahi diya. Wo nakaam Makka laut gaye.
Lashkar Ki Tayari Aur Rawangi
Madina me Rasool Allahﷺ ne lashkar ki tayyari ka hukm diya. Magar is baat ko makhfi (chhupa) rakha gaya.
6 Ramzan 8 Hijri ko Aap sallallahu alaihi wasallam 10,000 Musalmano ke lashkar ke saath rawana hue.
Mar-uz-Zahran par raat me har mujahid ko alag chulha jalane ka hukm diya gaya. 10,000 chulhon ki roshni se pura maidan chamak utha.
Abu Sufiyan Ka Lashkar Dekhna
Abbas ibn Abdul Muttalib ne Abu Sufiyan ko lashkar dikhaya. Har qabeela apne parcham ke saath guzar raha tha.
Jab Ansaar guzre to Abu Sufyaan ne kaha:
“Tumhara bhatija to badshah ban gaya.”
Hazrat Abbas ne jawab diya:
“Ye badshahat nahi, balke nabuwwat hai.”
Makka Me Dakhool – 20 Ramazan 8 Hijri
20 Ramazan 8 Hijri (11 January 630 A.D.) ko Rasool Allah ﷺ ne 4 giroh bana kar Makka ki taraf kooch kiya.
Sirf Khalid ibn al-Walid ke giroh par halka muqabla hua. 2 sahaba shaheed hue aur 12 kuffar mare gaye.
Baaki tamam jagah baghair kisi badi jung ke Makka fatah ho gaya.
Rahmat Ka Din – Aam Maafi
Rasool Allah ﷺ ne Quraish se poocha:
“Tum kya umeed rakhte ho?”
Unhone jawab diya: “Bhalai aur aman.”
Aap ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Aaj tum par koi malaamat nahi. Tum sab azaad ho.”
Aur aage yuh farmate hai ki:
- Jo shakhs hathiyar daal dega uske liye amaan hai.
- Jo shakhs apna darwaza band kar lega uske liye amaan hai.
- Jo kaabah me dakhil ho jayega uske liye amaan hai.
Ye Islam ki sab se badi jeet thi, qudrat ke bawajood maafi.
Kaabah Ki Paakizgi
Rasool Allah ﷺ Kaabah me dakhil hue. Tamam but gira diye gaye.
Aap ﷺ ne tilawat ki:
“Haq aa gaya aur baatil mit gaya.” (Surah Bani Israeel 17:81)
Kaabah ko Zamzam ke paani se dhoya gaya aur sirf Allah ki ibadat ke liye paak kar diya gaya.
Hazrat Bilal ko Hazrat Muhammadﷺ ne Kaabah ki chhat par chadhaya aur azaan kahne ka hukm diya, ye manzar tareekh ka sab se azeem lamha tha.
Jab Hazrat Bilal Kaabah ke chhat par chadh gaye to Huzoor se poochhte hai ki kis taraf rukh karke azaan du? Huzoor farmate hai; aye bilal meri taraf dekho aur azaan do. Isi baat par Alahazrat Hadaiq e Bakhshish meyuh farmate hai:
Hajio Aao Shahenshah Ka Roza Dekho
Kaabah To Dekh Chuke Kaabe Ka Kaabah Dekho
Abu Sufiyan Ka Islam Qabool Karna
Baad me Abu Sufyaan Rasool Allah ﷺ ke paas aaye.
Aap ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Kya ab bhi tumhe yaqeen nahi ke Allah ek hai?”
Unhone kalma padha aur musalman ho gaye.
Fatah Makkah Ke Baad
Rasool Allah ﷺ 15 din Makkah me thehre, logon ko Islam ki taleem dete rahe. Phir Madina wapas tashrif laaye.
Is azeem waqia ke baad Arab me jhund ke jhund log Islam me daakhil hone lage.
Isi waqye ko Quran ne yuh bayan farmaya;
وَ رَاَیْتَ النَّاسَ یَدْخُلُوْنَ فِیْ دِیْنِ اللّٰهِ اَفْوَاجًاۙ (2)
Aur tum dekhoge ki Allah ke deen me fauz dar-fauz dakhil ho rahe hain. (110-2)
Fatah Makkah Ka Sabaq
- Sabr ka phal hamesha meetha hota hai
- Maafi sab se badi taqat hai
- Haq aakhir jeet ta hai
- Guroor nahi, shukr aur inkisari zaroori hai
- Islam rehmat aur insaf ka deen hai
FAQs – Frequently Asked Question
Conclusion
Fatah Makkah Islam ki tareekh ka wo roshan bab hai jo hume batata hai ke asal kamyabi taqat me nahi, balke maafi me hai. Rasool Allah ﷺ ne dushmano ko bhi maaf kar diya aur duniya ko rehmat ka paighaam diya.
ALLAH tala hum sab ko ishq e Rasool ﷺ ata farmae, unki seerat par chalne ki taufeeq de aur humare imaan ki hifazat farmae. Ameen.